![]() Schuster, “ The predictive start of hunting archer fish: A flexible and precise motor pattern performed with the kinematics of an escape C-start,” J. Schuster, “ Archerfish fast-start decisions can take an additional variable into account,” J. Schuster, “ Archerfish actively control the hydrodynamics of their jets,” Curr. Koomen, “ Biomechanical analysis of spitting in archer fishes (Pisces, Perciformes, Toxidae),” Zoomorphology 105(4), 240– 252 (1985). Ashley-Ross, “ One shot, one kill: The forces delivered by archer fish shots to distant targets,” Zoology 118(5), 302– 311 (2015). Allen, “ A review of the archer fishes (family Toxotidae),” Rec. In particular, the pectoral fins are shown to contribute to the initial spike in acceleration before water exit and to enhance the overall jumping performance of the fish. The numerical simulations further enable detailed analysis of the flow dynamics and elucidate for the first time the dynamics of the coherent vortical structures in both the water and air phases. The LES results during the water phase of the jump are compared with particle image velocimetry measurements of a live jumping archer fish, and excellent agreement is found. The complex fish body kinematics are reconstructed using high-speed imaging. We conduct high-fidelity, two-phase flow, large-eddy simulation (LES) of an anatomically realistic archer fish using detailed jump kinematics in water, through the water/air interface, and in air. ![]() In this work, we numerically investigate the hydrodynamic and aerodynamic performance of a jumping smallscale archer fish ( Toxotes microlepis) to elucidate the propulsive mechanisms that contribute to the rapid acceleration and the considerable jump accuracy. ![]() This behavior is associated with nontrivial production of hydrodynamic thrust. Archer fish jumping for prey capture are capable of achieving accelerations that can reach 12 times gravitational from a stationary start at the free surface.
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